Most people have placed a bet or wager on some event, but only a small percentage of gamblers develop a problem. In extreme cases, they can develop gambling disorder, which is defined in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders as a pattern of behavior that results in substantial distress or impairment. The behavior is characterized by recurrent loss and preoccupation with gambling and repetitive attempts to control losses. The behavior also causes serious family, social, and financial problems.
Gambling involves the wagering of something of value on a random event with the intent to win another thing of value, such as money or goods. It is distinguished from games such as poker that are based on strategy rather than on chance. Generally, to be considered gambling, three elements must be present: consideration, risk, and a prize. Some religions, such as the Jehovah’s Witnesses and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, explicitly prohibit gambling. Others, including the Catholic Church, support it, but discourage excessive play and limit the number of gambling establishments.
Historically, the understanding of gambling and gambling problems has varied greatly. Research scientists, psychiatrists, other treatment care clinicians, and public policy makers have all developed different paradigms or world views from which to consider the issue, reflecting their disciplinary training and experience. The nomenclature used to describe the phenomenon of gambling and gambling disorders has also varied, reflecting a similar variety of perspectives.
Many gamblers report that they begin gambling as a way to escape the worries of their everyday lives and that life’s issues soon follow them into the casino. In addition, people with low incomes tend to be more vulnerable to developing a gambling disorder, because they have less to lose and more to gain from a large winning streak. Young people are also a susceptible group, with up to 5% of adolescents and young adults developing a gambling disorder.
While it is tempting to imagine that the next roll of the dice will bring you a huge jackpot, it’s important to realize that most casinos are not set up to make you rich. You will be spending a lot of money, and the odds are very much against you. To avoid getting carried away, start with a fixed amount of money that you are willing to spend and stick to it. Always tip the dealers and cocktail waitresses. It is customary to tip them a $1-$5 chip when they take it from you, but not cash. And never take more out of your ATM to try to get back what you’ve lost. This is how people get caught in the cycle of addiction and end up losing everything they have. It’s best to seek help before things get out of hand. It’s also important to treat any underlying mood disorders that may be contributing to your gambling behavior, such as depression, stress, or substance abuse. This will not only prevent the gambling from becoming an escalating problem, but will benefit your overall health and well-being.